Organizational Culture Essay - 1236 Words

Organizational culture Culture is something that encompasses all of us. It helps us to understand how things are created, acknowledged, developed and managed. In this context, culture helps to define and understand an organisation and how it works and manages. Organizational culture is a shared value system derived over time that guides members as they solve problems, adapts to the external environment, and manage relationship (Schein in Wooten and Crane 2003, Vol. 21(6), p.276). Organisational culture is about how things get done subtly without people watching so that the organisation runs smoothly. Organisational culture is needed so that company can run without hiccups and run efficiently. It shows organisation structural†¦show more content†¦(Schein 1992). In nursing, it is believed that patient safety comes first before others in the nursing line. They are the most deeply held beliefs of the group (Neuhauser, Bender and Stromberg 2000 p5). Such beliefs are the ones that influence the actions of the nurses. Layer 2 involves behaviours and habits that changes frequently as the environment changes (Neuhauser, Bender and Stromberg 2000 p5). This layer is about the norms of the organisation. This layer shows the way the organisation staff does their work. It ranges from formal policies and procedures to the informal habits and tactics employees use to function effectively within the company (Neuhauser, Bender and Stromberg 2000 p5). Example of formal policies and procedures is when nurses are to ensure patient safety at all times when they come in contact with patients. Informal habits and tactics include junior nurses being tactful to senior nurses or nursing managers when communicating with them. By understanding the way senior staff act, new or junior staff can distinguish which actions are appropriate. The third layer includes symbols and language of the organisation staff that changes frequently as environment and business strategy changes (Neuhauser, Bender and Stromberg 2000 p5). These are the parts of culture that can be visibly be seen, felt or heard. Examples include nursing home logos, uniform and workplace layout. By understand anShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Culture And Organizational Culture1647 Words   |  7 PagesThe importance of culture in the organization The organization culture as a leadership concept has been identified as one of the many components that leaders can use to grow a dynamic organization. Leadership in organizations starts the culture formation process by imposing their assumptions and expectations on their followers. Once culture is established and accepted, they become a strong leadership tool to communicate the leader s beliefs and values to organizational members, and especially newRead MoreOrganizational Culture Essay731 Words   |  3 Pages Edgar Schein, a famous theorists dealing with organizational culture, provides the following definition for the term: A pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems that has worked well enough to be considered valid and is passed on to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. (organizationalculture101) However, organizational culture is more than sharing assumptions used by a grou p to solve problems;Read More Organizational Culture of Alibaba 1463 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished a strong company organizational culture based on a shared mission, vision and value system as the cornerstone of the company and its subsidiaries. They respect the spirit of entrepreneurship, innovation, and focus on meeting the needs of their customers. According to the founder, Jack Ma (August,2013), Alibaba’s organizational culture can be summarized with four simple words: openness, transparency, sharing, and responsibility.It is thank to the organizational culture, Alibaba has launched aRead MoreOrganisational Culture And Organizational Culture1730 Words   |  7 PagesOrganisational culture refers to ‘the shared beliefs and values guiding the thinking and behavioural styles of members’ (Cooke and Rousseau, 1988, in Bratton 2010: 334), indicating that employees who accept the common values of an organisation and put great effort on commitments are likely to build up a strong culture to an organisation. Edgar Schein (2004) proposed three levels of organisational culture. As employees go through changes, they gain experiences from the past, adapt to a new environmentRead MoreOrganizational Culture Essay1812 Words   |  8 PagesOrganizational Culture Organizations have personalities like individuals and like individuals, they have enduring and stable traits that help us predict their attitudes and behaviors. An organization’s culture may be hard to define but it has a major impact on the behavior of individuals in the organization. To understand one’s behavior in an organizational culture it helps to understand the dominant culture in an organization and to figure out how individuals come to learn that culture and howRead MoreThe Term Organizational Culture Essay2100 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction A look at simply a couple of works that utilization the term organizational culture will uncover huge variety in the meaning of this term and much all the more in the utilization of the term society has no altered or extensively importance even in human sciences, however variety in its utilization is particularly discernible in the writing on hierarchical society. This is mostly identified with solid contrast in the reason and profundity of books and articles. Be that as it may, likewiseRead MoreThe Organizational Culture of Quinlans3389 Words   |  14 PagesThe Organizational Culture of Quinlans Introduction Quinlan has been UK’s foremost retail giant for a long period of time. By end of 1998 there was evidence of a crisis and since then the company has been on a decline. The company has been ignoring market changes and trying to maintain its corporate image and identity. This has caused the customers to drift to more fashionable brands causing huge loss of business to Quinlan. Presently the company is on a restructuringRead MoreQuestions On Organizational Culture And Leadership914 Words   |  4 PagesSchein, E (1992). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 2nd ed., San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Edgar Schein outlines those characteristics in better understanding and assessing the culture and climate of an organization. A lot energy and emphasis is focused on the identification and application of an organization’s guiding principles. Schein suggests that our guiding values and principles are important, but it is in the organizations structure, culture, action that describes the true characterRead MoreDefining Organizational Culture : An Organization2382 Words   |  10 PagesDefining Organizational Culture With numerous meanings given to organizational culture, scholars claim that the field is grounded in the shared assumptions, attitudes, and behaviors accepted and enacted by employees within an organization, which affect its performance and overall welfare (Belias Koustelios, 2014). Another widespread definition of organizational communication often used by organizational scholars states that: â€Å"Organizational culture is the pattern of basic assumptions that a groupRead MoreUniversity of Phoenix Organizational Culture1133 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational culture can be defined as the system of attitudes, beliefs and values that are collectively expressed in support of organizational structure. Organizational culture is a pattern of shared basic assumptions that dictate the behavior of individuals within an organization. Culture determines which practices are appropriate and which are not, effectively developing standards, guidelines, and expectations for individuals within an organization. Although they work hand in hand, there is

Environmental Inequalities Of The Urban Environment...

Page 1 2/2010 1 Debates on environmental inequalities Another approach to the urban environment William F Aburel Summary: Unlike other countries, the issue of environmental inequalities, although present in the official speeches, France suffers from a lack of political ambition. The idea defended here is that the design Historical (technical-normative) institutional environment, so the observation mechanisms and action historically constituted by administrations, hinders the emergence of this issue, including a deficit approach dynamics of unequal facts and the environment. Different designs of the environment (and justice) defended by the approaches developed abroad on this theme, as well as those deployed by some recent research in†¦show more content†¦Ecological crises and environmental tests give rise to new issues which, International climate refugees example locally or more of fuel poverty, connect facts ostensibly egalitarian and environmental situations. It is true that we remain socially unequal in terms of environmental attitudes and practices, especially their effects affecting societies and their territories no less unequally. For at least these reasons, to which we could add the new concerns for Environmental Health, we are witnessing today in France the emergence of the theme environmental inequalities and / or ecological, nevertheless after a few forays notable: from the current hygienist nineteenth century, until a few statistical studies in the 80s. Official texts by chanting the potential importance since 2000 (Conference Johannesburg in 2002; National Strategy for Sustainable Development in 2003). Of research (below), symposiums and seminars are trying to grasp the contours 1 . However, France is characterized by limited political ambition resolution on this topic (Theys, 2007) compared to other countries, especially Anglo-Saxon. This is embodied first in a pussyfooting on the same qualification that makes environmental inequalities and / o r ecological. The most conventional definition analysis reduces the exposure of populations modest to environmental loads proportionally greater. Definitely reaction, we also find more meanings and a little tote (Laigle and Oehler, 2004),

Demand and Supply of resources in Australia - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Demand and Supply of resources in Australia. Answer: Introduction: According to the economic concepts the demand for any commodity can be defined as the value of that particular commodity that is desired by the consumer. Supply on the other hand can be defined as the value of particular commodity which is offered by the labourers, producers, buyers etc. in the market (Becker 2016). The volume of quantity that is demanded regarding the price will be considered as the total demand of customers in view of the price. The quantity of goods and services that the producers are readily willing to sell in the market at the certain level of price and time is viewed as quantity that is supplied. According to the law of demand the association among the quantity demanded and price with all other things remaining constant represents that the increasing price of commodity there results in fall in quantity demanded. According to the law of supply it is understood that whenever a rise in price of commodity takes place there is a rise in the supply of quantity. Equilibrium in market is attained where the market forces of demand and supply is constant with other things remaining constant (Bewley 2017). The major demand factors are the commodity prices, taste and consumer preference and income of the consumer. The key factors of supply is reliant on the speculations with future anticipations of the price level of the products that are in question and the cost related with the production factors. The demand-supply, movement and shift of curves: As evident that there is a negative relationship between the quantity demanded and price. Additionally, there is a positive relationship among the supply of commodity and price that is put under question. If it is found that the price the product changes then there lead to the movement along the demand curve however if it is found that there is a change in the determination of demand apart from price of the particular commodity such as income, taste and preference then there is a shift in the demand curve. Citing an example, on noticing that given there is a rise in the earnings the demand curve will shift towards the right (Case et al., 2015). On the other hand, considering the situation of supply, if there is an increase or decline in the price simultaneously there will be a movement in the supply curve. Conversely, an increase or decline in the demand factors then there would be right or leftward shift of the supply curve. Similarly, in the case of supply, rise or fall in the level of price for the commodity would result in movement along the supply curve whereas the rise or fall in the factors apart from price would result in rightward or leftward shift in the supply curve. Figure 1: Figure representing change in quantity demanded (Source: Gans et al. 2014) Figure 2: Figure representing quantity supplied (Source: Greenlaw 2014) The figure that is given provides the detail that with the as the price of the goods shifts from p1 to p2 then there will be the change in the demand of quantity from x1 to x2. Similarly, evidences from the figure 2 provides that increase in price of goods from price 2 to price 1 there results a rise in the supply of quantity from quantity1 to quantity 2. The analysis of demand and supply of resources in Australia: According to Mankiw and Scarth (2014), the Australian present economic conditions has represented an economic fall and the economic slump is getting stickier with the passage of time. This is because economic fall is particularly due to the relationship with the nations that are leading business partner of Australia such as china and the product that are regarded as the Australias largest export namely the iron ore. The evidences has provided that the steel demand in china recently fell down. As a result of this there has been a slower export of Australian iron ore to China. Earlier, the Australian economy gained heights because the demand for iron ore sored high demand for the iron ore goods in China (Negishi 2014). In the latest report published by the world bank provides an influence on the inappropriate expansion of the Chinese economy may result an important influence on the exporters that are exporting their product to China and Australia has direct relations with the supply chain of China. According to Parkin (2014), lower price of iron ore would lead in fall in the revenues of $30 billion in the subsequent four years. Since the government has been able to pass the first budget in the year 2015 the prices of the iron ore has declined to $95/tonne of late and have gone into halves. The reason behind Australias economic growth for the last 23 years was because of the fact that the nations mining segment performed significantly. Because of the falling investment in the industry it has resulted the growth to fall by 0.5% in the last quarter of the year 2014. According to the governor of the central bank the growth in the iron sector is lower than the trend level (Vali 2016). Supposedly, the declining demand of steel is considered to be the exogenous issue that has resulted in the shift in the demand curve of iron ore to the leftward side (Rosefielde and Pfouts 2014). It should be noted that it is not the prices of the products that have directly caused the demand curve to increase or decrease however the shock of negative demand has created an influence on the entire demand curve to shift to the leftward side. Figure 3: Figure representing the demand of Iron Ore in Australia (Source: Smith and Smith 2016) The above stated figure represents that the falling demand of iron ore in Australia is because of the slower growth of economy in china has led the iron ore price to fall (Tuerck 2015). From the evidences of declining demand for steel in China, consequently the demand curve for the Australian iron is seen to have shifted towards the leftward side demand curve D to the Demand curve D2. Conclusively, there is a shift in the market equilibrium from point E1 to point E2 resulting a fall in the price from Price2 to Price1 and then there is a fall in the quantity from Quantity2 to Quantity1. Conclusion: The analysis concludes that the demand and supply of mining segment is not reliant on the price but it is also depending upon factors such as demand and supply shocks, consumer income and preference. As a result of this both the demand and supply of goods changes leading to the shift in market equilibrium. Reference Becker, G. (2016). Economic theory. New Brunswick, NJ: Aldine Transaction. Bewley, T. (2017).General equilibrium, overlapping generations models, and optimal growth theory. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Case, K., Fair, R. and Oster, S. (n.d.). (2015)Principles of economics. Gans, J., King, S., Stonecash, R., Libich, J. and Mankiw, N. (n.d.). (2014)Principles of economics. Greenlaw, S., Taylor, T., Dodge, E., Gamez, C., Jauregui, A., Keenan, D., MacDonald, D., Moledina, A., Richardson, C., Shapiro, D. and Sonenshine, R. (n.d.). (2015)Principles of macroeconomics. Mankiw, N. and Scarth, W. (n.d.).(2014) Macroeconomics. Negishi, T. (2014).History of Economic Theory. Burlington: Elsevier Science. Parkin, M. (2014).Macroeconomics. Boston: Pearson. Rosefielde, S. and Pfouts, R. (n.d.). (2014)Inclusive economic theory. Smith, D. and Smith, C. (n.d.). (2016)Demand driven performance. Tuerck, D. (n.d.). (2015)Macroeconomics. Vali, S. (n.d.). (2016)Principles of mathematical economics.=

Yahoo and Amazon Building a Competitive Advantage

Brief history of the companies The Yahoo and the Amazon are online companies which also offer similar trading platforms across the globe. The Amazon.com was established in the year 1994. The company has been active in the online shopping platform. From its inception, the Amazon Company’s product line objective has been to provide quality products at the convenience of the clients.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Yahoo and Amazon: Building a Competitive Advantage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The services offered by the company include online advertisement, online purchasing, and online consultancy. The Amazon has a product or service to any one, from a toddler to an old man. The company has expanded from the US to all other continents due to its customer-centricity business model. On the other hand, the Yahoo Company also operates on the online platform and was founded in 1994 and has experienced rapid growth over the years. Yahoo offers series of online products such as broadband, Yahoo finance, games, online TV, and online shopping. Yahoo expanded due to the various online platforms its offers to different customers across the globe due to its ‘good, better, best’ pricing strategy. As a result, the demand for its products and survives has continued to grow since the objective of this pricing strategy is to attract and retain customers who want affordable goods and services. Key strategic differences Customer-to-Customer verses Business-to-Business platforms Amazon has employed the laggard activism strategy to not only capture the global market, but also leapfrog the dominant Yahoo Company. Unlike Yahoo which operates on the Customer-to-Customer (C2C) platform, the dynamic Amazon functions on the Business-to-Business (B2B) platform. As a result, the Amazon has penetrated the global market due to a balance in factors such as the Western business style, global business approach, and flexible organizational structure (Kashmanian, Wells, Keenan, 2011). In order to penetrate the expanding global market, Amazon’s business platform was modified through introduction of services such as premium customer experience, compact support from the community, and low charges for small businesses. For instance, the Customer-to-Customer platform adopted by Yahoo has created and successfully implemented the marketing strategy to ensure customer loyalty and market expansion.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company’s product multi-branding as a positioning strategy has enabled it to survive competition. For instance, the online shopping and Yahoo finance are tailed to address the individual customer needs. Besides, the company has managed to balance the elements of intangibility, inseparability, and heterogeneity in the 4Ps of its market mi x due to improved product visibility for each target customer segment (Coulson-Thomas, 2013). Open-system verses closed-system The Yahoo Company’s business model is based on the C2C market. The attitude of the CEO towards localization is an indication of clear vision within the global market. The goal is to concentrate on the local market through use of an open-system business model. The strategy was meant to take advantage of the challenge of ‘smallness’. On the other hand, the Amazon depends on the closed-system approach in execution of its business strategies. Unlike the Yahoo which developed a fixed entry strategy in the market that was characterized by overconfidence and inertia, the Amazon was packaged as a humble and flexible online technological trading platform. As a result of the stable knowledge of the global market, Amazon jumpstarted operations through a flexible and rational business decision processes. Basically, this strategy was helpful since cha nging would not be as costly as those companies that have fixed and mature formulas for doing business such as the Yahoo Company (Coulson-Thomas, 2013). It is apparent that the Amazon Company has more efficient knowledge and experience in uniqueness of products and services than the Yahoo Company. Strategic planning: Comparative analysis The main variables of the Amazon business operations are connected at the central point of strategic planning which encompasses costing, speed, quality, flexibility, and dependability to create a smooth continuous operation tracking model. For instance, the company has been in a position to establish online business leadership position due to its appeal to the local customers, in terms of easy to use interface, free trials, and localized purchasing experience.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Yahoo and Amazon: Building a Competitive Advantage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On t he other hand, the major part of the success puzzle for the Yahoo business management delivery operates on the periphery of the soft skills involving the timeless vision of organizational principles, defining value of the business, determining requirements, and clarifying the vision. Besides, the success puzzle is proactive in building teams, mitigating task, resolving issues, and providing direction as incorporated in the operations management system. The management of the Amazon Company realized that its success laid in the B2B strategy, which was modified to function on the customer satisfaction. The corporate strategies of the Amazon Company were also based on the traditional marketing, localized human resource, and efficiency in the monitoring units. On the other hand, the Yahoo’s platform was not modified to guarantee the localized experience to its customers across the globe (Hill Jones, 2013). The Yahoo Company depends on the local means of production in running the business. The business model was to create a decentralized system in terms of a management line for the expansion within the global market. The approach adopted by the management was to ensure that decision making process is shortened thus, avoidance of excessive bureaucracy. Furthermore, adoption of the decentralized system of management was meant to ensure direct contact with customers within the shortest time possible. The company heavily depended on the local resource to achieve a rational decision science. On the other hand, the Amazon Company established a hybrid system of integrating the western resources within its business market. However, the company maintained its centralized management system from the Silicon Valley. Besides, the company used international resources such as the management team and system support staff (Hill Jones, 2013). The ideal strategy for performance measurement should be aligned to the communication channel in the company. For implementation of th e strategy, the management of the Yahoo Company does not balance the short term and long term consideration towards decision making since the resource allocation and use is centralized.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Management strategies that ensure long term obligations are fulfilled and consider mostly the role played by resources invested in technology, continued innovations in new products, and conducting intensive researchers in the market to identify fresh niches. Unlike the costing system of the Amazon Company, which is internalized within the local market, the payment system of the Yahoo Company is externalized within other platforms (Hill Jones, 2013). Distinctive competencies The Amazon Company has a very unique organization structure. The company exhibits distinctive and unique organization configuration that is shaped by the organization’s goals. In advancing organizational learning, the system helps the business to avoid learning disabilities besides being proactive in organization thinking. The Yahoo organization exhibits flexibility in its organizational arrangement that enables jobs to be redesigned to facilitate work-based innovations. The teamwork based organization st ructure actually identifies the hierarchy of the management in order to understand any complex network. In addition, the arrangement provides myriad illustrations of the persuasive importance of problem definition within communication contemporary context (Amit Zott, 2012). Unlike the Amazon Company, which depends on different functions such as the Asia regional office, the head office in Silicon Valley and intuitions of the branch managers, the Yahoo Company has a simple organizational structure model comprising of a single CEO, who is in a position to localize the business management strategies within the conservative and open markets. The Yahoo organization exhibits flexibility in its organizational structure that facilitates work based innovations. The company has diversified its operations to merchant service and small business segments to ensure long term sustainability. Generally, when all other factors are held constant, the Yahoo Company is in a better positioned to sustai n its business within the market due to its unique services, wide appeal to customers, and relatively flexible management model. Recommendations Operational efficiency Operational efficiency and market niche provide an indication of how well the company manages its resources, that is, how well it employs its assets to generate sales and income. It also shows the level of activity of the corporation as indicated by the turnover ratios. The level of activity for the Amazon Company has remained relatively stable despite threat of competition, constant change of taste, and varying preference. In order to stay afloat, the company should streamline its operational costs and introduce freelance marketers paid on a commission. The marketers will operate from their homes to save the company daily expenses of running its business. Through implementing this proposal, the company will reduce its wage bill and seal cost loop holes (Amit Zott, 2012). Consumer Centricity Properly designed online marketing and product distribution management facilitate the success and sustainability in online marketing. To increase credibility and maintain professionalism, the current channels of reaching the consumers at the Yahoo should be tailored to encompass processes and features that flawlessly facilitate a healthy and a lifetime relationship between the business and its clients. The new development elements that the company should incorporate include trust, liability acceptance, distribution, fair retribution process, and passing accurate information to target audience in order to restore confidence within these networks. Essentially, the success of e-marketing depends on proper alignment of a functional team that is responsible for the creation of flexible and quantifiable measurement tracking tools for periodically reviewing results (Hill Jones, 2013). This strategy will ensure that the business is sustainable. Conclusion Reflectively, the Amazon and the Yahoo companies should int roduce a functional team with the essential knowledge in social media and tools used in marketing. The two companies have three building blocks of learning such as a supportive learning environment, concrete learning processes, and practice leadership that reinforce innovation. However, the companies differ in their operational strategy and organizational planning. The Yahoo Company operates within the Customer-to-Customer platform while the Amazon operates within the Business-to-Business model. The Amazon should adopt the operations efficiency strategy to sustain its market while the Yahoo should adopt the consumer centricity strategy to sustain its competitive advantage. References Amit, R., Zott, C. (2012). Creating value through business model innovation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 53(3), 41-49. Coulson-Thomas, C. (2013). Implementing strategies and policies. Strategic Direction, 29(3), 33-35. doi:10.1108/02580541311304643 Hill, C., Jones, G. R. (2013). Strategic management: An integrated approach (10th ed.). Independence, KY: Cengage. Kashmanian, R. M., Wells, R. P., Keenan, C. (2011). Corporate environmental sustainability strategy. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 44, 107-130. This essay on Yahoo and Amazon: Building a Competitive Advantage was written and submitted by user Alexa Mathis to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.